Native American groups call for new state flag, ban of ‘Indian’ mascots
Just two days after the Grafton Indian mascot was abolished, Native American groups will call for the state legislature to put forward three bills to address the Massachusetts state seal, ban the use of Native Americans as school mascots, and protect tribal heritage.
“What COVID-19 and #BlackLivesMatter demonstrate in plain terms is that our current social systems need structural and foundational change,” said Jean-Luc Pierite, president of the Board of the North American Indian Center of Boston. “Symbols from flags, mascots, and names on public places on to the design of infrastructure like roads and pipelines are the branding of the extraction of resources, wealth, and labor from BIPOC peoples. To change the system is to change the branding. These are not mutually exclusive, unless we are simply appeasing the electorate or window dressing.”
The three bills that will be addressed Thursday are:
- Resolve Providing for the Creation of a Special Commission Relative to the Seal and Motto of the Commonwealth (S.1877/H.2776)
- An Act to Ban the Use of Native American Mascots by Public Schools in the Commonwealth (S.247 / H.443)
- An Act to Protect Native American Heritage (S.1811/H.2948)
Now that Mississippi has decided to retire its state flag with Confederate imagery, Massachusetts is the last state whose flag includes representations of white supremacy. It features a Colonial broadsword held in a white hand over the head of a composite “Ideal Native American,” and its Latin motto begins, “By the sword we seek peace…”
“The English cut off the head of Metacom (King Philip) and displayed it on the top of a pike in Plimoth,” Hartman Deetz of the Mashpee Wampanoag said. “That’s what that sword is above the head of the Native man on the state flag. That sword continues to hang over the head of Native people in Massachusetts.
“It’s not just symbolism,” he added. “That’s literally what happened to the leader of our people. He was beheaded…. and we continue to live under that threat today, from continued genocide, from continued dispossessions, from continued oppression, here in Massachusetts and all across the country. This is a symbol of white supremacy.”
Anaelisa Jacobsen of Manos Unidas Multicultural Educational Cooperative in Pittsfield said that, “Manos Unidas has been working to get rid of the racist flag and seal that depict a Native American with a sword over his head. Bill S.1887 / H.2776 seeks to change that abominable message and symbol into something that our dear Native brothers and sisters and everyone in Massachusetts can be proud of.
“In these times, we must deeply ask ourselves, what symbols do we want to uphold and which do we want to abolish in order to promote the values of a forward-thinking, multicultural state? We must seek symbols that instill pride, not shame and prejudice, symbols that unite, not separate.”
Commenting on the bill to ban the use of Native American mascots, the Sagamore of the Massachusett Tribe at Ponkapoag, Faries Gray, said: “My tribe is not in support of any Indigenous mascots. We don’t feel like we are being honored by any mascots. We feel like a trophy. ‘We conquered you and this is our trophy.’ It’s insane we have to deal with it. We’re still here. We’re a living people.”
Other tribal nations in Massachusetts have supported the call for a prohibition on all Native American sport team mascots/nicknames/logos in Massachusetts public schools. The Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe wrote: “A state law to address the problem of these nicknames/logos is necessary because many communities in Massachusetts resist calls to eliminate the Native American nicknames/logos used by their schools. The Tribe/Nation urges you to listen to our voices, and the voices of other Native American tribal nations and organizations that represent Native American people who reside in the state of Massachusetts. And, we urge you to consider the research, which clearly demonstrates that Native American mascots in sport are not educationally sound for Native American and non-Indigenous youth.”
Brittney Peauwe Wunnepog (Little Leaf) Walley of the Nipmuc Nation, who spoke out against Grafton’s continued use of the Indian mascot, added that “Using Indigenous Peoples as mascots is dehumanizing. This is not a new or novel idea at this point; it’s an obvious fact. My sincerest belief is that the concept of using Indigenous Peoples as mascots should already be a non-issue. It is frustrating to know that countless tribal members before me have already made it abundantly clear that it is unacceptable, and yet the issue has not been resolved.”
Rhonda Anderson, Iñupiaq-Athabaskan, a member of the MA Commission on Indian Affairs, explained that, ″Mascots erase the identity of Native people, generate stereotypes, and portray us as people in the past.” The mascot issue needs to be taken up at the statewide level since it relates to civil rights.
Native American advocates and allies also seeking passage of “An Act to Protect Native American Heritage”. This bill would refine Native Americans Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) enforcement to include all publicly funded entities in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. If passed into law, this would further ensure the repatriation of sacred and funerary objects to the tribal communities of origin as well as deter auction houses from being able to obtain such items. As Chairwoman Cheryl Andrews-Malthais of Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head (Aquinnah) testified in 2016, “Tribal cultural heritage belongs to the tribal community of its origin as a whole. And by tribal custom, cannot be alienated from that community by any individual or group without the expressed free, prior, and informed consent of that tribe.”
According to Mahtowin Munro from United American Indians of New England and the Massachusetts Indigenous Legislative Agenda, “Four hundred years after the arrival of the Pilgrims from Europe, all too many Indigenous concerns remain unaddressed. Any authentic efforts to address racial injustice need to include and respect the voices of Indigenous people and ensure that Native American concerns are addressed. Supporting this legislation should be a bipartisan effort to begin to redress longstanding grievances. The current session of the Massachusetts legislature has a historic opportunity to begin to listen to Indigenous voices statewide and take first steps toward repairing relationships with Native Americans by passing this meaningful legislation.”
King Phillip’s Father. The Great Sachem Massapoit, then living in exile in todays Newport, RI, looked upon the first English Colonists in Plymouth as potential allies against another group of tribes from Todays State of Maine. The Northern tribes were coming south to make war on his people by burning crops. raping women and seizing others to become slaves. Massapoit was losing badly and without the Colonists help it was doubtful his people would have survived.
Let’s not forget that over 800 people, mostly women and children, were massacred on May 26, 1637 in Conn and Mass during Pequots War. Approx 3000 colonists were killed compared to less than 300 natives. In that conflict. The highest number killed on either side during the Indian Wars, including the battles of the Great Plains. This war led to the Indian Codes of 1650s.
So violence was endemic to both sides it seems from the beginning. During the 1600s Natives outnumbered colonists 6 to 1 and their goal was to kill every Englishman and push him back into the sea. The Natives were not victims. They were warriors who fought wars over land and “stole” other tribes lands that they conquered. The Trives recognized conquest. It wasn’t until the mid 20th century that Natives took up the victim mentality to cash in on Guilty Whites who had nothing to do with the wars.